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WOMEN WORKERS: OUTLOOK TO 2005
10 Facts On Women Workers
What role will women play in the labor force of the 21st century? Of the 26 million net increase in the civilian labor force between 1990 and 2005, women will account for 15 million or 62 percent of net growth. In 1990 women were 45 percent of the labor force and will become 47 percent of the civilian labor force in 2005.
1. There were 102 million women age 16 and over in the United States in1994. Of that total, a record 60 million were in the civilian labor force (persons working or looking for work).
2. Women's share of the total labor force continues to rise. Women accounted for46 percent of total United States labor force participants in 1994 and are projected to comprise 48 percent in the year 2005.
3. Nearly six out of every ten women--58.8 percent--age 16 and over were labor force participants (working or looking for work) in 1994.
4. Women's groups between the ages of 20 and 54 had labor force participation rates of at least 70 percent. Even half the Nation's teenage women ages 16-19 were labor force participants51 percent.
5. Labor force participation by marital status varies for women. Divorced and separated women have higher participation rates mainly because they are the primary or the only wage earners in their families.
6. Unemployment for all women in 1994 was only 6.0 percent. For white women it was 5.2 percent; 11.0 percent for black women; and 10.7 percent for Hispanic women.
7. When unemployed women seek jobs they are more inclined to contact the prospective employer directly (67 percent); and less often to send outresumes or fill out applications (42 percent); place or answer ads (22 percent); contact friends or relatives (16 percent); use public employment agencies (19 percent); and use private employment agencies (7 percent).
8. Fifty-seven million women were employed in 1994. The largest proportion still work in technical, sales, and clerical occupations.
9. Women have made substantial progress in obtaining jobs in the managerial and professional specialties. In 1984 they held one third (33.6 percent) of managerial and executive and nearly half (48.5 percent) of the professional occupations. By 1994 they held 48.1 percent of managerial/executive positions and accounted for over half (52.8 percent) of workers employed in professional occupations.
10. Of the 57 million employed women in the United States in 1994, 41 million worked full time (35 or more hours per week); nearly 16 million worked part time (less than 35 hours per week). Two-thirds of all part- timeworkers were women (67 percent).
U.S. Department of Labor Women's Bureau
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